Countries play different roles in global and regional energy markets and share different experiences regarding a model of energy production and consumption. Poland's position in the European energy supply demand chain determines its perception of energy security. In a comparative European perspective, Poland is one of the major energy consumers and has relatively high levels of energy self sufficiency. The importance of domestic coal, high energy and carbon intensities as well as East-West oil and gas import routes (hydrocarbons are imported almost exclusively from Russia) briefly characterize Poland's energy security situation. The lecture addresses the following questions: How strong do these factors influence Polan's energy concept and its approach to EU's energy policy? What are the trade offs between ensuring security of supply, liberalization of gas and energy market and sustainable development from Polish perspective? What are the obstacles and prospects from the development of a greener energy system in Poland?